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Will Arp Ever Make Synths Again

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Manufacturer of musical instruments

ARP Instruments, Inc. was an American manufacturer of electronic musical instruments, founded by Alan Robert Pearlman[i] [2] [a] in 1969. It created a popular and commercially successful range of synthesizers throughout the 1970s earlier declaring bankruptcy in 1981. The company earned a reputation for producing excellent sounding, innovative instruments and was granted several patents for the applied science it adult.

History [edit]

Groundwork [edit]

Alan Pearlman was an engineering student at Worcester Polytechnic Establish, Massachusetts in 1948 when he foresaw the coming age of electronic music and synthesizers. He afterward wrote:

"The electronic instrument'south value is chiefly as a novelty. With greater attending on the office of the engineer to the needs of the musician, the day may not be also remote when the electronic instrument may take its place ... equally a versatile, powerful, and expressive instrument."[3]

Beginnings [edit]

Following 21 years of experience in electronic engineering and entrepreneurship, Pearlman founded the company in 1969 with $100,000 of personal funds and a matching amount from investors, with swain engineering science graduate David Friend on board from the commencement as the co-founder of the company.[four] The company derived its name from Pearlman'due south initials, and existed briefly as the ARP Instrument Sectionalisation of Tonus, Inc.[v] [6] Their first instrument, the ARP 2500, was released the following yr.[iii]

Success [edit]

The ARP 2600 began production in 1971. Every bit an engineer, Pearlman had little understanding of the music industry or its potential audience. He felt the best market for synthesizers would be music departments at schools and universities, and designed the instrument to be easy to use for this reason.[7] David Friend and musician Roger Powell toured the U.s. demonstrating the 2600 to diverse musicians and dealers, and it apace became a pop instrument.[8] The first meaning user of the 2600 was Edgar Wintertime, who connected the keyboard controller of the 2600 to the primary unit via a long extension cord, allowing him to wearable the synth effectually his cervix like a keytar. Stevie Wonder was an early adopter of the 2600, who had the control panel instructions labelled in Braille.[nine]

Throughout the 1970s, ARP was the main competitor to Moog Music and eventually surpassed Moog to become the world'due south leading manufacturer of electronic musical instruments.[10] Performers constitute that ARP synthesizers were amend at staying in tune than Moogs attributable to superior oscillator design. The 2500 used a matrix-signal switching system instead of patch cords on a Moog, which led to some performers lament well-nigh crosstalk between signal paths. The 2600 on the other mitt, used hardwired ("normaled") signal paths that could be modified with switch settings, or completely overridden using patch cords. [11]

There were 2 chief camps among synthesizer musicians — the Minimoog players and the ARP Odyssey/ARP 2600 players — with well-nigh proponents dedicated to their choice, although some players decided to pick and cull betwixt the two for specific consequence, as well as many who dabbled with products produced by other manufacturers. Notably, the 2500 was featured in the striking moving-picture show Close Encounters of the Tertiary Kind;[12] ARP'south Vice President of Engineering, Phillip Dodds, was sent to install the unit on the moving-picture show set and was afterwards cast as Jean Claude, the musician who played the now famous five-note sequence on the huge synthesizer in an attempt to communicate with the alien mothership.[13]

The Odyssey was released in 1972. Information technology was designed every bit a cutting-downwards version of the 2600 for touring musicians, competing with the Minimoog, and contained a 3-octave keyboard. Later versions featured a pressure-pad operated pitch control system.[14]

The all-time selling ARP synthesizer was the Omni, released in 1975. It was a fully polyphonic keyboard that used height-octave divide-down oscillators that had been used on electronic organs, and competed with the Polymoog.[14] In 1977, the company peaked financially with $7 meg sales.[fifteen] The Quadra was released the post-obit year, and contained a number of synthesizer modules combined and controlled by a microprocessor.[fifteen]

Pass up [edit]

The demise of ARP Instruments stemmed from financial difficulties post-obit development of the ARP Avatar,[16] a synthesizer module virtually identical to the ARP Odyssey without a keyboard and intended to be played by a solid body electric guitar via a specially-mounted hexaphonic guitar pickup whose signals were then processed through discrete pitch-to-voltage converters.[ citation needed ]

Although an splendid, groundbreaking musical instrument by all accounts, the Avatar failed to sell well. ARP Instruments was never able to recoup the research and evolution costs associated with the Avatar project[17] and after several more attempts to produce successful instruments such as the ARP Quadra, ARP 16-Vocalisation & 4-Voice Pianos, and the ARP Solus, the company finally alleged defalcation in May 1981.[xviii]

Chroma Polaris (descendant of Chroma)

During the liquidation process, the company's assets and the rights to the manufacture of the 4-Voice Pianoforte and also the paradigm ARP Blush – the company's about sophisticated instrument design to date – were sold to CBS Musical Instruments for $350,000.[nineteen] The project was completed at CBS R&D, and the renamed Rhodes Blush was produced from 1982 to belatedly 1983. The instrument has a flexible voice compages, 16-notation polyphony, weighted, wooden keyboard action with 256 velocity levels, a unmarried slider parameter editing system (afterward implemented on the Yamaha DX7); and the inclusion of a proprietary digital interface system that predated MIDI.[20] It was controlled internally past an Intel 80186 microprocessor.[21]

Aftermath [edit]

In 2015, almost three and a half decades after it closed its doors, the company's second flagship instrument, the ARP Odyssey, was brought back into product by Korg, working in collaboration with David Friend, Alan Pearlman'south co-founder at ARP.[iv] In 2019, German manufacturer Behringer released their own version of the instrument, the Behringer Odyssey.

In 2013, Swedish DIY Synthesizer designer The Homo Comparator released a DIY remake of the ARP 2600, dubbed the TTSH ("Two-Thousand Six Hundred"). Korg released a limited-edition revival of the ARP 2600 chosen the 2600 FS in 2019, with the instrument officially shipping in early 2020. Behringer too designed a modernized rack-mountable version of its ain, the "Behringer 2600", which became available in early 2021.

Both the ARP 2600 and Arp Odyssey have been professionally recreated as virtual instruments. GForce Software and Arturia accept modeled the 2600, while GForce and Korg offer virtual versions of the Odyssey, the latter officially endorsed by David Friend.[22] [23] [24]

The freeware synthesizer emulator Bristol features software versions of the ARP 2600, ARP Odyssey, ARP Axxe, and ARP Solina String Machine.[25]

Product range [edit]

  • 1970 – ARP 2500 analog modular synthesizer, patched with a switch matrix, noted for its reliable tuning compared to competitors Moog and Buchla[26]

  • 1970 – ARP Soloist (small, portable, monophonic preset, aftertouch sensitive synthesizer)
  • 1971 – ARP 2600 (smaller, more portable analog semi-modular synthesizer, pre-patched and patchable with cables)
  • 1972 – ARP Odyssey (pre-patched analog duophonic synthesizer, a truly portable operation musical instrument, a competitor of the Minimoog)
  • 1972 – ARP Pro Soloist (small, portable, monophonic preset, aftertouch sensitive synthesizer – updated version of Soloist)

  • 1974 – ARP String Ensemble (polyphonic string voice keyboard manufactured past Solina)
  • 1974 – ARP Explorer (small, portable, monophonic preset, programmable sounds)
  • 1975 – ARP Piddling Brother (keyboardless monophonic expander module)[27]

  • 1975 – ARP Omni (polyphonic string synthesizer with rudimentary polyphonic synthesizer functions)

  • 1975 – ARP Axxe (pre-patched single oscillator analog synthesizer)
  • 1975 – ARP String Synthesizer (a combination of the Cord Ensemble and the Explorer)
  • 1976 – ARP Sequencer (desktop analog music sequencer)[28] [29]
  • 1977 – ARP Pro/DGX (small, portable, monophonic preset, aftertouch sensitive synthesizer – updated version of Pro Soloist)
  • 1977 – ARP Omni 2 (polyphonic string synthesizer with rudimentary polyphonic synthesizer functions – updated version of Omni)
  • 1977 – ARP Avatar (an Odyssey module fitted with a guitar pitch controller)
  • 1978 – ARP Quadra (4 microprocessor-controlled analog synthesizers in one)
  • 1979 – ARP Quartet (polyphonic orchestral synthesizer not manufactured past ARP – just bought in from Siel and rebadged)
  • 1979 – ARP sixteen-Voice Electronic Piano[xxx] (model 3363) / ARP 4-Voice Electronic Piano (model 3553)
  • 1980 – ARP Solus (pre-patched analog monophonic synthesizer)
  • 1981 – ARP Chroma (microprocessor controlled analog polyphonic synthesizer – sold to CBS/Rhodes when ARP closed)

Notable clients [edit]

Some notable ARP users and endorsers include:

(in alphabetically lodge of group or family name)
  • Tony Banks of Genesis played an ARP 2600,[31] an ARP Pro Soloist (on the album Selling England by the Pound) and later an ARP Quadra.[32]
  • David Bowie is listed equally using an "arp" in the album Low.[33]
  • The BBC Radiophonic Workshop'south Peter Howell used an ARP ODYSSEY II for the pb audio to update the Doctor Who TV theme in the early 1980s.[34]
  • Vince Clarke plays an ARP 2500, two ARP 2600 and 2 ARP Sequencers.[35]
  • Chick Corea played an ARP Odyssey on the album My Castilian Heart.[36]
  • Paul Davis played an ARP Odyssey, ARP 2500, ARP 2600 and ARP Quadra.[37]
  • Eumir Deodato used an ARP as the bass musical instrument on "Juanita" from the 1976 album Very Together.[38]
  • Dennis DeYoung of Styx played an "Arp" on the album Styx Two.[39]
  • Daryl Dragon of Helm & Tennille played an ARP String Ensemble on the album Beloved Volition Keep Us Together.[40]
  • Depeche Manner apply an ARP 2600.[41]
  • Devo used an ARP Odyssey on their Freedom of Choice tour.[b] [42]
  • George Duke played an ARP Odyssey on the anthology Guardian Of The Low-cal.[43]
  • Brian Eno is listed equally playing "report arp" in David Bowie's album Low.[33]
  • Dave Formula played an ARP Odyssey.[44]
  • Miquette Giraudy played an ARP Omni on Steve Hillage's album Rainbow Dome Musick.[45]
  • The Grateful Dead.[46]
  • Herbie Hancock played an ARP Odyssey, an ARP Soloist and ARP 2600[47] [48] and an ARP String Ensemble in the album Thrust.[49]
  • Steve Hillage played an "Arp" on the album Rainbow Dome Musick.[45]
  • Jean Michel Jarre played an ARP 2500.[31] On the anthology Equinoxe he played an ARP 2600 and an ARP Sequencer.[l]
  • Elton John played an ARP String Ensemble on the album Helm Fantastic and the Brownish Dirt Cowboy, and played an ARP on "Funeral For a Friend" on the album Goodbye Xanthous Brick Road. [51]
  • Kraftwerk used an ARP Odyssey on the album Autobahn.[52] The band also used an ARP Omni 1 on various albums and live performances.[52]
  • Rick van der Linden of Ekseption played an ARP 2600 on the album Trinity.[53]
  • Kerry Livgren and Steve Walsh of Kansas use an "Arp" on the album Vocal for America.[54]
  • Scott McCaughey plays an ARP Odyssey on several songs on R.Due east.Thousand.'south New Adventures In How-do-you-do-Fi.[55]
  • Christine McVie of Fleetwood Mac played an ARP String Ensemble on the album Heroes Are Hard To Discover and on Rumours, notably her limerick "Don't Finish".[56]
  • Hugo Montenegro played an ARP 2500.[31]
  • Gary Numan played an ARP Pro Soloist on the album Telekon.[57]
  • Jimmy Page played an ARP 2500.[31]/[58]
  • Anthony Phillips played an ARP String Ensemble and ARP Pro Soloist on his 1977 album The Geese and the Ghost. The album's title derived from Phillips' nicknames for two sounds he produced on the Pro Soloist, both of which feature on the title track.[59]
  • Skinny Puppy played an ARP 2600 on their early releases[lx] and an ARP 2500 and 2600 are currently in use at Subconscious Communications.[61]
  • Eliane Radigue played an ARP 2500 on the album Triptych.[62]
  • Klaus Schulze played an ARP Odyssey and an ARP 2600 in the album Moving-picture show Music.[63]
  • Dave Sinclair and Rupert Hine played an "Arp" in Caravan'south album For Girls Who Grow Plump in the Night.[64]
  • Gerald Shapiro played an ARP 2500.[31]
  • Steven Spielberg used an ARP 2500 in the film Close Encounters of the Tertiary Kind.[31]
  • Todd Terje uses an ARP Odyssey, an ARP Sequencer and an ARP 2600 in most of his productions. He used the 2600 exclusively for his Information technology's The Arps EP from 2012, which contains his biggest hit to date, Inspector Norse.[65] [66]
  • Pete Townshend of The Who wrote the song "Won't Get Fooled Over again" on an ARP 2500.[31] [47] [67]
  • Joe Walsh played an "Arp" on the anthology Barnstorm.[68]
  • Edgar Winter used the ARP 2600 on the rock classic "Frankenstein".[47]
  • Stevie Wonder used a custom Braille-labeled ARP 2600.[ix]
  • Joe Zawinul of Weather Report used two[69] ARP 2600s[47] and later an ARP Quadra and an ARP Chroma.[70]

Footnotes [edit]

  1. ^ The name of founder Alan Robert Pearlman seems to be sometimes possibly incorrectly described as "Alan Richard Pearlman", as seen every bit below:
    • "'Alan Richard Pearlman': 4 results". Google Books Search.
    • Eberhard Höhn (1979). Elektronische Musik: Klangfarben, Klangentwicklung, Klangspiele. Hueber-Holzmann. p. 120. ARP: Amerikanischer Synthesizerhersteller, benannt nach dem Begründer Alan Richard PEARLMAN. (German: "ARP: American synthesizer manufacturer, named after founder Alan Richard PEARLMAN.")
  2. ^ Vocalist/keyboardist, Mark Mothersbaugh reported that the musical instrument bankrupt down in such a way that it created an entirely new sound which would have been otherwise impossible to attain. The "broken down" Odyssey is apparently featured in the Duty Now for the Future song, "Pink Pussycat".

Citations

  1. ^ "'Alan Robert Pearlman': nine results". Google Books Search.
  2. ^ High Fidelity. Vol. 28, no. one–6. ABC Leisure Magazines. 1978. p. 114.
  3. ^ a b Vail 2000, p. 49.
  4. ^ a b "Korg Announces the development of the ARP Odyssey synthesizer". Korg. Retrieved February 17, 2014.
  5. ^ "ARP Instruments, Inc. - People - National Music Center". National Music Center. Retrieved November 5, 2020.
  6. ^ "ARP Synthesizer Patents". J. Donald Tillman. September 2007. Retrieved November v, 2020.
  7. ^ Vail 2000, p. 124.
  8. ^ Vail 2000, pp. 124–125.
  9. ^ a b Vail 2000, p. 125.
  10. ^ Vail 2000, pp. fifty–51.
  11. ^ Vail 2000, p. 50.
  12. ^ "ARP 2500". Sound On Sound. Baronial 1996. Archived from the original on February 6, 2015.
  13. ^ Vail 2000, p. 56.
  14. ^ a b Vail 2000, p. 51.
  15. ^ a b Vail 2000, p. 52.
  16. ^ Vail 2000, p. 53.
  17. ^ Vail 2000, p. 54.
  18. ^ Vail 2000, pp. 55–56.
  19. ^ Vail 2000, p. 57.
  20. ^ Vail 2000, pp. 186–187.
  21. ^ Vail 2000, p. 187.
  22. ^ "Arturia – Overview". arturia.com . Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  23. ^ "Ohm Force". www.ohmforce.com . Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  24. ^ "Instrument Overview – GFORCE SOFTWARE". www.gforcesoftware.com . Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  25. ^ http://bristol.sourceforge.net/emulations.html
  26. ^ Kylee Swenson Gordon, ed. (2012). Electronic Musician Presents the Recording Secrets Behind l Bully Albums. Backbeat Books. p. 184. ISBN978-1-476-82136-8.
  27. ^ "ARP Axxe & Fiddling Brother (Retro)". Sound On Sound. May 1996. Archived from the original on June half dozen, 2015.
  28. ^ "ARP Sequencer". Music Trades. Vol. 124. Music Trades Corporation. May 1976. p. 31. three FOR THE SHOW 1. ARP Sequencer The long-awaited ARP live performance sequencer is here. Loaded with elegant features, the sequencer interfaces with the ARP Axxe, Odyssey and 2600 synthesizers. ... MUSIC TRADES. MAY. 1976 31.
  29. ^ Downwardly Beat out. Vol. 43. Maher Publications. 1976. p. iii. The new ARP Sequencer adds rich new textures to your music while it frees both easily for playing keyboards. Just patch the ARP Sequencer into an Axxe, ...
  30. ^ ARP Pianoforte (brochure), ARP Instruments, Inc., 1979 . (courtesy of Kevin Lightner) seen on: "ARP 16-Voice Electric Pianoforte". Synthmuseum.com.
  31. ^ a b c d e f 1000 "Close ENCOUNTERS OF THE ARP KIND". soundonsound.com. August 1996. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  32. ^ "Korg Oasys: On Tour with Tony Banks and Genesis". dv247.com . Retrieved August iii, 2010.
  33. ^ a b "David Bowie – Depression (CD, Album)". Discogs. Archived from the original on Baronial viii, 2010. Retrieved August iii, 2010.
  34. ^ "Dr Who (How To Remake Television Theme)". youtube.com. Archived from the original on Dec 12, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  35. ^ "Vince Clarke Music • Studio". vinceclarkemusic.com. Archived from the original on September 7, 2015. Retrieved Baronial iii, 2010.
  36. ^ "Chick Corea – My Spanish Heart (CD, Album)". Discogs. Retrieved August three, 2010.
  37. ^ Keyboard Magazine. March 1977. p. 33.
  38. ^ "Deodato - Very Together (Vinyl, LP)". Discogs. Retrieved March 21, 2021.
  39. ^ "Styx – Styx II (Vinyl, LP)". Discogs. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  40. ^ "Captain And Tennille – Dearest Will Keep Us Together (Vinyl, LP, Album)". Discogs. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  41. ^ Miller, Johnathan (2004). Stripped: The Truthful Story of Depeche Mode. Autobus Press. pp. 247–248. ISBN1-84449-415-ii.
  42. ^ "Sonic talk to DEVO". youtube.com. Archived from the original on Dec 12, 2021. Retrieved May 14, 2012.
  43. ^ "George Duke – Guardian Of The Low-cal (Vinyl, LP)". Discogs. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  44. ^ "YouTube – Dave Formula's Custom Prodyssey". youtube.com. Archived from the original on December 12, 2021. Retrieved Baronial 3, 2010.
  45. ^ a b "Steve Hillage – Rainbow Dome Musick (CD, Album)". Discogs. Retrieved Baronial 3, 2010.
  46. ^ Jackson, Blair (2006). Grateful Dead Gear – The Band's Instruments, Sound Systems, and Recording Sessions, From 1965 to 1995. Backbeat Books. p. 190. ISBN0-87930-893-one.
  47. ^ a b c d Holmes, Thom (2008). Electronic and Experimental Music: Engineering science, Music, and Civilization . Routledge. p. 247. ISBN978-0-415-95782-3.
  48. ^ Rideout, Ernie (2008). Keyboard Presents the Best of the 80's. Backbeat. p. 69. ISBN978-0-87930-930-v.
  49. ^ "Herbie Hancock - Thrust (CD, Album)". Discogs. Archived from the original on September sixteen, 2010. Retrieved Baronial three, 2010.
  50. ^ "Jean Michel Jarre – Equinoxe (CD, Album)". Discogs. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  51. ^ "Elton John – Captain Fantastic And The Brown Clay Cowboy (Vinyl, LP)". Discogs. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  52. ^ a b "Equipment / The Kraftwerk FAQ – Kraftwerk Frequently Asked Questions". kraftwerkfaq.hu . Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  53. ^ "Ekseption – Trinity (Vinyl, LP, Album)". Discogs. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  54. ^ "Kansas (2) – Song For America (CD, Anthology)". Discogs. Retrieved August iii, 2010.
  55. ^ "R.E.1000. – New Adventures In Hi-Fi (CD, Anthology)". Discogs. Retrieved April 9, 2011.
  56. ^ "Fleetwood Mac – Heroes Are Hard To Detect (Vinyl, LP, Album)". Discogs. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  57. ^ "Gary Numan – Telekon (Vinyl, LP, Album)". Discogs. Retrieved Baronial 3, 2010.
  58. ^ "ARP Claims Synthesizers are Source of Jimmy Page's Musical Gifts". Synth Magazine. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
  59. ^ Dann, Jonathan. "Anthony Phillips FAQ". Retrieved December 15, 2012.
  60. ^ Future music, Bug 113–117. Larpress. 2001. p. 104.
  61. ^ Justin Kleinfeld (April 1, 2004). "Skinny Puppy on recording and producing The Greater Wrong of the Correct". Electronic Musician Magazine. Archived from the original on April ii, 2015. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  62. ^ "Eliane Radigue – Triptych (CD)". Discogs. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  63. ^ "Klaus Schulze – Pic Music (Vinyl, LP, Anthology)". Discogs. Retrieved August 3, 2010.
  64. ^ "Caravan – For Girls Who Grow Plump In The Night (Vinyl, LP, Album)". Discogs. Archived from the original on September 2, 2010. Retrieved Baronial 3, 2010.
  65. ^ "In pictures: Todd Terje's Oslo studio". musicradar.com . Retrieved April eleven, 2018.
  66. ^ Borgli, Kristoffer (January 29, 2013). "WHATEVEREST". Retrieved April xi, 2018 – via Vimeo.
  67. ^ "Won't Get Fooled Over again". youtube.com. Archived from the original on December 12, 2021. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
  68. ^ "Joe Walsh – Barnstorm (Vinyl, LP, Album)". Discogs. Retrieved August three, 2010.
  69. ^ Baraka, Imamu (1976). "Weather Written report". Down Beat Mag. Vol. 43. p. 46.
  70. ^ "Zawinul Online - Keyboards". zawinulonline.org . Retrieved February 26, 2012.

Sources

  • Vail, Marker (2000) [1993]. Vintage Synthesizers. Miller Freeman. ISBN0-87930-603-3.

External links [edit]

  • The Ascension and Autumn of ARP Instruments (article from April 1983, Keyboard Magazine)
  • Arp continued into Virtual Instruments Arp 2600 and Arp Axxe (Kikaxxe) at wayoutware.com WOW!
  • Films and pictures of the Arp Solina
  • ARP Instruments at Synthmuseum.com
  • Retrosound – ARP Odyssey and Solina String Ensemble pics and info Archived June 14, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  • Solina VSTi plugin
  • Arp Odyssey page with sounds and pics

pateruitheroming.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARP_Instruments

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